{"id":147351,"date":"2025-09-12T18:11:48","date_gmt":"2025-09-12T16:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.startupbusiness.it\/chat-control-what-it-is-why-it-is-needed-and-why-it-does-not-violate-privacy\/147351\/"},"modified":"2025-09-12T23:01:46","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T21:01:46","slug":"chat-control-what-it-is-why-it-is-needed-and-why-it-does-not-violate-privacy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.startupbusiness.it\/en\/chat-control-what-it-is-why-it-is-needed-and-why-it-does-not-violate-privacy\/147351\/","title":{"rendered":"Chat Control: what it is, why it is needed, and why it does not violate privacy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The European Union is launching an innovative regulation that aims to <strong>prevent and combat online child sexual abuse,<\/strong> setting new rules for digital platforms and online service providers. The proposal is called &#8220;Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down rules to prevent and combat child sexual abuse (CSAM),&#8221; and is known as &#8220;<strong>Chat Control<\/strong>.&#8221; <\/p>\n\n<p>At the heart of the proposal is the delicate balance between the need t<strong>o protect minors from serious abuse such as paedophilia and child pornography<\/strong>, and the protection of users&#8217; fundamental rights, in particular <strong>privacy.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>One of the most debated aspects concerns whether platforms should be required <strong>to carry out preventive and constant scanning of content, even in services that use end-to-end encryption<\/strong>, in order to identify child pornography or grooming activities.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Risk assessment, an obligation for lenders<\/h2>\n\n<p>According to the EU Proposal, every online service provider, such as social media platforms, messaging services or app stores, is required to carry out a <strong>risk assessment <\/strong>for each service offered, in order to understand &#8220;the risk of its use for the purpose of child sexual abuse online&#8221; (Art. 3, para. 1).<\/p>\n\n<p>This assessment requires analysing &#8220;previously identified cases of misuse&#8221;, the platform features that may facilitate such misuse, the characteristics of users, especially minors, and the impact of the business model (Art. 3, para. 2). The aim is to enable the provider to <strong>identify and mitigate these risks through proportionate<\/strong> and appropriate measures (Art. 4). <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scanning is not automatic, but a mitigation tool<\/h2>\n\n<p>The Proposal clarifies that scanning content is not a universal and automatic obligation imposed regardless. Rather, scanning is one of the tools that the provider can adopt to mitigate the risk identified in the assessment (Art. 4). In other words, data scanning is a choice that falls within the scope of reasonable and proportionate mitigation measures, which are necessary <strong>but not mandatory <\/strong>a priori.  <\/p>\n\n<p>As stated in the text: &#8220;<strong>Providers are free to define and implement, <\/strong>in accordance with Union law, measures based on practices adopted to detect cases of online child sexual abuse in their services&#8221; (Art. 4, para. 2), taking into account their technical and financial capabilities.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">When scanning becomes mandatory<\/h2>\n\n<p>However, the Proposal provides that, if even <strong>after the assessment<\/strong> <strong>and measures taken<\/strong> by the provider there <strong>remains a significant risk<\/strong> that the service could be used for child abuse, the designated <strong>national authorities may intervene.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>In such cases, the authorities &#8220;<strong>may request the independent judicial or administrative authority to issue an order requiring the service provider to carry out mandatory detection of cases of abuse<\/strong>&#8221; (Art. 7, para. 1).<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>The order is only issued after an &#8220;objective, diligent and case-by-case assessment&#8221; <\/strong>that balances the likelihood and severity of the abuse with the possible negative consequences for users&#8217; fundamental rights (Art. 7, para. 4).<\/p>\n\n<p>The text also emphasises that &#8220;the disclosure order may only be issued if the reasons for issuing it outweigh the negative consequences for the legitimate rights and interests of all parties concerned&#8221; (Art. 7, para. 4).<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Guarantees and privacy protection<\/h2>\n\n<p>Given the sensitivity of automatic scanning, especially in private and encrypted communications, the regulation provides for a series of safeguards, such as<strong> limiting the duration of orders, human oversight of detection technologies, minimising the data processed, and access to redress mechanisms for users and providers<\/strong> (Art. 10).<\/p>\n\n<p>The <strong>EU Centre <\/strong>for the Prevention and Combating of Child Sexual Abuse, another new feature of the proposal, will play a supporting role for authorities and platforms by providing databases of reliable indicators and appropriate detection technologies, helping to reduce false positives and invasive impacts (Art. 11).<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The legislative process, developments following the controversy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Stage 1. The European Commission <\/p>\n\n<p>Therefore, although the <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/IT\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:52022PC0209\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>Commission&#8217;s proposal<\/strong><\/a> sent in 2022 does not explicitly state &#8216;<strong>you will have a scanner<\/strong> or <strong>algorithm<\/strong> on your phone&#8217;, it introduces &#8216;<strong>detection orders<\/strong>&#8216; that must be complied with <strong>regardless of the technology used, even if the service is end-to-end<\/strong> encrypted; the choice of &#8216;how&#8217; is left to the provider. And precisely for E2EE services, the only practical way would be client-side scanning (before encryption). <\/p>\n\n<p>Stage 2. Parliament <\/p>\n\n<p>In 2023, the <strong>European Parliament position<\/strong>  (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/topics\/en\/article\/20231116STO11629\/how-the-eu-is-fighting-child-sexual-abuse-online?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">LIBE mandate 2023, EP summary<\/a>)  <strong>excluded both end-to-end encryption and text messages from the scope of the orders, and limited the orders to cases of reasonable suspicion, thus ruling out indiscriminate scanning. <\/strong>Only if suppliers fail to comply with the measures proposed by the new Regulation &#8211; the principle of safety by design (developing products or services in such a way as to avoid potential harm), mandatory parental controls, the establishment of user reporting mechanisms and the use of age verification systems in cases of risk of grooming of minors &#8211; then the judicial authority could issue a detection order, but only as a last resort. Such an order would oblige the provider to use certain technologies to detect known and new child sexual abuse material. <\/p>\n\n<p>Surveillance orders would only be used in cases where there is reasonable suspicion that individual users or groups are connected to child pornography. The orders would be limited in time,  <strong>However, end-to-end encrypted communications and text messages are excluded from their scope of application. This approach aims to ensure the protection of the privacy and security of users of digital services. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Stage 3. The Council <\/p>\n\n<p>During the legislative process, the <a href=\"https:\/\/data.consilium.europa.eu\/doc\/document\/ST-10131-2025-INIT\/en\/pd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>Council Draft<\/strong><\/a> was presented on 1 July 2025, after a dozen consultations and amendments: it clearly states that, for <strong>E2EE services,<\/strong> <strong>detection takes place &#8216;before the transmission of content&#8217; (i.e. pre-encryption)<\/strong>, with a <strong>&#8216;user consent&#8217; clause.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n<p>Stage 4. Trilogues between the Council and the EP <\/p>\n\n<p>To become law, the fourth stage is still pending: the <strong>opening of trilogues<\/strong> (informal meetings between the EP and the Council, with the Commission acting as facilitator) to hammer out a <strong>compromise text<\/strong> acceptable to both parties. Indeed, the <strong>Council and the EP are co-legislators<\/strong>. <strong>The final text is created when the European Parliament and the Council vote and approve the exact same text under the ordinary legislative procedure<\/strong>. <strong>If there is no agreement, the law is not adopted.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Current situation<\/h2>\n\n<p>So it is not law and there is not (yet) an obligation that applies to everyone. <strong>If the Council&#8217;s current line were to pass, for E2EE services (e.g. WhatsApp\/Signal\/Telegram) it would mean the installation of software that checks content before encryption; if the Parliament&#8217;s line were to prevail, no scanning would take place<\/strong>. Everything will become clearer on <strong>14 October<\/strong>, when ministers may attempt to adopt the Council&#8217;s position (&#8216;general approach&#8217;). This is where the ministers&#8217; real &#8216;political vote&#8217; would take place, if the dossier is ready. <\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Today, however, <\/strong>a technical meeting of the Council (LEWP \u2013 Law Enforcement Working Party) is taking place to examine the Presidency&#8217;s compromise text. This is not a &#8216;formal adoption&#8217;: it is a preparatory meeting where Member States indicate their positions and attempt to finalise a text to be presented to ministers. <\/p>\n\n<p>Therefore, <strong>following the Council&#8217;s position in October, trilogues with Parliament will be needed to agree on a common text and then formal adoption.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>In all this, it should always be remembered that <strong>Article 15 of the Italian Constitution <\/strong> that <strong>protects the freedom and confidentiality of (private) <\/strong>correspondence and all other forms of communication, with possible restrictions <strong>only by reasoned order of the judicial authority<\/strong> and with the guarantees provided by law. (<em>photo by <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/it\/@ademay?utm_content=creditCopyText&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_source=unsplash\">Adem AY<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/it\/foto\/telecomando-bianco-e-verde-zs-41Br0WhQ?utm_content=creditCopyText&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_source=unsplash\">Unsplash<\/a><\/em>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The new system proposed by the European Union aims to prevent and combat child sexual abuse. Here&#8217;s how it will work<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":125,"featured_media":147341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1429],"tags":[2236,1331,1442,2024],"companies":[],"journalist":[1515],"class_list":["post-147351","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-legal","tag-europa-en","tag-innovation-en","tag-legal-en","tag-privacy-en","journalist-giacomo-mele-en"],"featured_sizes_urls":{"thumbnail":{"src":"https:\/\/www.startupbusiness.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/adem-ay-zs-41Br0WhQ-unsplash.webp","width":150,"height":100,"crop":false,"srcset":false,"alt":"minori online"},"large":{"src":"https:\/\/www.startupbusiness.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/adem-ay-zs-41Br0WhQ-unsplash.webp","width":1024,"height":682,"crop":false,"srcset":false,"alt":"minori online"},"2048x2048":{"src":"https:\/\/www.startupbusiness.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/adem-ay-zs-41Br0WhQ-unsplash.webp","width":1280,"height":853,"crop":false,"srcset":false,"alt":"minori online"}},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chat Control: what it is, why it is needed, and why it does not violate privacy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The new system proposed by the European Union aims to prevent and combat child sexual abuse. 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Co-fondatore di Designtech, l\u2019hub di innovazione che avvicina il mondo del design con quello della tecnologia. Advisor di Austrian Business Agency, Emil Banca, Fondazione Symbola, Fondazione Quadrans. Partecipa regolarmente a incontri, convegni, conferenze dedicate all\u2019ecosistema dell\u2019innovazione. E\u2019 stato co-organizzatore degli Italian Innovation Day and Series che si sono svolti dal dal 2016 al 2020 nelle citt\u00e0 di Tokyo in Giappone, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth, Canberra in Australia e Singapore e co-organizzatore dell\u2019Italy India Innovation Day di AIICP 2021 e 2022. Ha curato il volume \u2018L\u2019innovazione che non ti aspetti. Contesti e visioni per l\u2019impresa\u2019 , l\u2019edizione italiana di \u2018La startup digitale, guida pratica step by step\u2019 e ha scritto la prefazione all\u2019edizione italiana de \u2018La quarta era\u2019 di Byron Reese, ed \u00e8 co-autore di \u2018Cosa e Dove: strategie digitali di ricerca del lavoro\u2019, tutti editi da FrancoAngeli. 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Co-fondatore di Designtech, l\u2019hub di innovazione che avvicina il mondo del design con quello della tecnologia. Advisor di Austrian Business Agency, Emil Banca, Fondazione Symbola, Fondazione Quadrans. Partecipa regolarmente a incontri, convegni, conferenze dedicate all\u2019ecosistema dell\u2019innovazione. E\u2019 stato co-organizzatore degli Italian Innovation Day and Series che si sono svolti dal dal 2016 al 2020 nelle citt\u00e0 di Tokyo in Giappone, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth, Canberra in Australia e Singapore e co-organizzatore dell\u2019Italy India Innovation Day di AIICP 2021 e 2022. Ha curato il volume \u2018L\u2019innovazione che non ti aspetti. Contesti e visioni per l\u2019impresa\u2019 , l\u2019edizione italiana di \u2018La startup digitale, guida pratica step by step\u2019 e ha scritto la prefazione all\u2019edizione italiana de \u2018La quarta era\u2019 di Byron Reese, ed \u00e8 co-autore di \u2018Cosa e Dove: strategie digitali di ricerca del lavoro\u2019, tutti editi da FrancoAngeli. 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